Elements
of the CNC Machine system
A CNC
machining system is consists of the following elements:
·
Program
·
Tape Reader
·
Mini-computer
·
Servo system
·
CNC machine tool
Program:
This is
entered into the computer through a keyboard. These are the codes used to
control the machine. The various CNC codes are N Code, G Code, XYZ Code, F
code, etc
Tape Reader:
This is
used as a storage device where we can store the program for a particular
machining operation. Any modification of a program can easily be done by
editing the existing program as per your requirement.
Mini-computer:
It is
also called the machine control unit. It is to read interprets and converts
perceived input that is part program into the desired movement and controls the
following functions:
·
To start and stop the machine spindle.
·
Vary the spindle speed accordingly and also it can
control the direction of rotation of the spindle.
·
To start and stop the coolant supply.
·
To change the required tools as per requirements.
·
To change the workpiece.
·
To control the feed rate.
Also, the
mini-computer equipped with diagnostic software which can detect any problem
and restore the machine accordingly.
Servo system:
The
function of the servo system is to receive the control signal from the feedback
devices and the set output accordingly (To shaft, tools and other components of
CNC machine)
Servo
system mainly consists of:
·
Servo Motors
·
Feed-back devices
·
Ball screws
